# Present Value of Cash Flows Calculator

> Discount periodic cash flows to period zero and show each present-value contribution.

Page: https://askcalculators.com/calculator/present-value-of-cash-flows-calculator/
Definition: https://askcalculators.com/calculator/present-value-of-cash-flows-calculator/definition.json
JSON Schema: https://askcalculators.com/calculator/present-value-of-cash-flows-calculator/schema.json
Version: 1.0.0
Maintained by: AskCalculators (software project; not a credentialed reviewer)
Qualified review: pending. Automated checks do not establish professional approval.
Page status: Live
Review status: Pending

## Use
Open the calculator page and enter values. Query-string parameters can restore and bookmark a calculation.
Example: https://askcalculators.com/calculator/present-value-of-cash-flows-calculator/?cashFlows=-1000%2C+200%2C+300%2C+400%2C+500&discountRate=5

## Inputs
- cashFlows: Cash flows by period; type=text; required; default=-1000, 200, 300, 400, 500
- discountRate: Discount rate per period; type=percent; required; default=5; min=-99.99; max=1000

## Outputs
- presentValue: Present value of all cash flows; format=currency; primary
- presentValuePositiveFlows: PV of positive flows; format=currency
- presentValueNegativeFlows: PV of negative flows; format=currency
- undiscountedTotal: Undiscounted total; format=currency
- cashFlowCount: Cash flows; format=integer

## Formula
PV = Σ CFₜ ÷ (1+i)^t

## Rules
- Empty optional inputs are undefined, not zero.
- Hidden conditional inputs are ignored.
- Do not invent missing required inputs.