Math
A mathematical answer should be independent of your country. These tools cover arithmetic, algebra, geometry, fractions and statistics, along with financial mathematics that uses rates you enter yourself. Begin with the quantity you need to find, then check the required units and whether the formula assumes a particular timing convention. A loan-growth example using an entered rate is not a statement about a lender’s current offer.
Start with these tools
Amortization Calculator
View your loan amortization schedule and see how your principal balance decreases over time.
Amortization Schedule Calculator: Equal Principal Payments
Create a loan schedule with the same principal amount paid every period and declining total payments.
Annuity Calculator
Calculate the future value of a fixed annuity investment.
Annuity on Loan Table Creator
Create an equal-payment loan amortization table for an ordinary annuity or annuity due.
Annuity Payout Calculator
Calculate the monthly income you can receive from a fixed annuity.
For geometry, use the same length unit throughout an example. For statistics, distinguish a population from a sample and check how missing values are handled. Fraction and significant-figure tools answer different questions: an exact numerical value does not by itself tell you the precision of a measurement. The formula notes explain those distinctions. Work through a small example before trusting a large result, keep intermediate precision where possible, and round only for the intended presentation. Saved input links are convenient but are not private storage; anyone receiving a link can inspect the values it contains.
arithmetic
Amortization Calculator
View your loan amortization schedule and see how your principal balance decreases over time.
Amortization Schedule Calculator: Equal Principal Payments
Create a loan schedule with the same principal amount paid every period and declining total payments.
Annuity Calculator
Calculate the future value of a fixed annuity investment.
Annuity on Loan Table Creator
Create an equal-payment loan amortization table for an ordinary annuity or annuity due.
Annuity Payout Calculator
Calculate the monthly income you can receive from a fixed annuity.
APR Calculator
Calculate the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) of a loan, which includes interest and fees.
APY Calculator
Convert an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) to Annual Percentage Yield (APY) based on compounding frequency.
Asset Allocation Calculator
Visualize your portfolio's asset allocation.
Average Return Calculator
Calculate the Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean (CAGR) of a series of investment returns.
Bid-Ask Calculator
Calculate bid-ask spread, midpoint, spread percentage, and trade values for a quoted security.
Budget Calculator
Plan your monthly budget by categorizing income and expenses.
Cash Back Calculator
Estimate gross and net cash back after an optional reward cap and annual fee.
Checkbook Balance Calculator
Reconcile a bank statement balance with outstanding checks, deposits in transit, fees, interest, and the check register.
Checkbook Calculator
Apply a list of deposits and withdrawals to an opening balance and create a running register.
Compound Interest Calculator
Project investment growth with regular monthly contributions and selectable compounding.
Currency Appreciation and Depreciation Calculator
Measure the appreciation or depreciation of a base currency when its quoted exchange rate changes.
Depreciation Calculator
Calculate the depreciation of an asset over its useful life using Straight-Line or Double-Declining Balance methods.
Discount Calculator
Find the sale price, savings, optional tax, and effective discount.
Equivalent Interest Rate Calculator
Convert a nominal annual rate with one compounding frequency to an equivalent nominal rate with another frequency.
Finance Calculator
Analyze your monthly cash flow, savings rate, and potential annual savings.
Fixed Declining Balance Depreciation Calculator
Calculate a fixed declining-balance depreciation rate and annual schedule that approaches salvage value.
Future Value Calculator
Grow a present amount at a fixed rate with selectable compounding.
Future Value of $1 Annuity Table (FVIFA) Calculator
Calculate future-value annuity factors for end- or beginning-of-period payments of $1.
Future Value of $1 Table (FVIF) Calculator
Calculate future-value interest factors and create a period-by-period FVIF table.
GDP Calculator
Calculate Gross Domestic Product using the expenditure approach (C + I + G + NX).
Inflation Calculator
Estimate future cost, purchasing power, and cumulative inflation.
Interest Calculator
Project compound growth with a nominal annual rate, selected compounding frequency, and end-of-month contributions.
Interest Rate Calculator
Calculate the required annual interest rate to earn a specific amount of interest.
Interest Rate on Table Creator
Create compound-interest factor tables across a range of periodic interest rates for a selected number of periods.
Investment Calculator
Project the growth of your investments over time with compound interest.
IRR Calculator
Calculate the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for a series of annual cash flows.
Layaway Plan Calculator
Calculate the financed layaway balance, periodic payment, fees, taxes, and total purchase cost.
List Price Markdown Calculator
Find the list price needed to offer a planned markdown while preserving a target gross margin.
Loan Payment Table Generator
Generate a comparison grid of periodic payments across multiple interest rates and loan terms.
Money Calculator
Count U.S. bills and coins and calculate the total cash amount.
Money Change Calculator
Calculate change due and break it into common U.S. bills and coins using the fewest pieces.
Money Math Calculator
Add, subtract, multiply, or divide monetary amounts using exact cent arithmetic where applicable.
Mortgage Amortization Calculator
View the complete amortization schedule for your mortgage.
Net Present Value Calculator
Discount a sequence of periodic cash flows, calculate NPV, profitability index, and an estimated internal rate of return.
Net Worth Calculator
Calculate your total net worth by subtracting liabilities from assets.
Nominal Interest Rate Calculator
Convert an effective annual interest rate to an equivalent nominal annual rate for a selected compounding frequency.
Payback Period Calculator
Calculate the time required to recoup an initial investment.
Percent Off Calculator
Calculate the final price after applying one or more percentage discounts.
Periodic Interest Rate Calculator
Calculate the periodic rate from a nominal annual rate or from an effective annual rate.
Present Value Calculator
Find the current value of a future amount at a chosen discount rate.
Present Value of $1 Annuity Table (PVIFA) Calculator
Calculate present-value annuity factors for end- or beginning-of-period payments of $1.
Present Value of $1 Table (PVIF) Calculator
Calculate present-value interest factors and create a period-by-period PVIF table.
Present Value of Annuity Calculator
Calculate the present value of level, growing, or perpetual periodic payments.
Price Calculator
Calculate selling price, gross profit, and markup from cost and a target gross margin.
Profit Goal Calculator
Calculate unit sales and revenue required to cover fixed costs and reach a target operating profit.
Profit Margin Calculator
Find gross profit, margin, markup, and optional profit per unit.
ROI Calculator
Calculate profit, total return, return multiple, and optional annualized return.
Rule of 72 Calculator
Estimate doubling time and compare it with the exact compound-growth result.
Savings Calculator
Estimate savings growth and check an optional savings goal.
Selling Price Calculator
Calculate the marketplace selling price required for a target dollar profit, profit margin, or markup after fees and costs.
Simple Interest Calculator
Calculate non-compounding interest, total value, and annual interest.
Sum of Years Digits Depreciation Calculator
Calculate accelerated depreciation using the sum-of-the-years-digits method and create a full schedule.
Units of Production Depreciation Calculator
Calculate depreciation per unit and depreciation for a production period, with a lifetime-usage schedule summary.
Variable Declining Balance Depreciation Calculator
Calculate declining-balance depreciation with an optional switch to straight line when that produces more depreciation.
Adding Machine Calculator
Add a signed list of amounts and show a running total like a tape calculator.
Algebra Word Problems: Age Calculator
Solve two present ages from their sum and age difference, then project them to another year.
Algebra Word Problems: Coins Calculator
Solve how many coins of two denominations make a known coin count and total value.
Basic Calculator
A simple standard calculator for everyday arithmetic.
Big Number Calculator
Perform arithmetic on very large integers.
Binary Calculator
Convert between Binary and Decimal number systems.
Expanded Form Calculator
Write an integer or decimal as a sum of place-value terms.
Half-Life Calculator
Calculate radioactive decay, half-life, or remaining quantity.
Hex Calculator
Convert between Hexadecimal, Decimal, and Binary values instantly.
Lattice Multiplication Calculator
Multiply nonnegative integers and show digit-by-digit partial products used by a lattice method.
LCD Calculator - Least Common Denominator
Find the least common denominator for two or more fractions or denominators.
Least Common Multiple Calculator
Calculate the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of two or more numbers.
Long Addition Calculator
Add a list of whole integers exactly and show a running total.
Long Division Calculator
Calculate quotient and remainder for division problems.
Long Multiplication Calculator
Multiply whole integers exactly and display place-value partial products.
Long Subtraction Calculator
Subtract one whole integer from another exactly.
Math Word Problems: Addition & Multiplication Calculator
Model a common groups-times-items-plus-extra word problem.
Math Word Problems: Division Calculator
Solve equal-sharing and equal-grouping division word problems.
Percent Error Calculator
Compare an observed value with an exact or accepted value.
Percentage Calculator
Solve five common percentage problems without changing pages.
Percentage Change Word Problems Calculator
Calculate percentage increase or decrease and show the change relationship.
Percentage Difference Calculator
Measure the absolute difference between two values relative to their average magnitude.
Place Value Calculator
Identify each digit’s place name and value in an integer or decimal.
Pythagorean Theorem Calculator
Provide any two sides of a right triangle to solve the third side, area, perimeter, and squared terms.
Random Number Generator
Generate reproducible whole numbers from an inclusive range using a saved seed.
Ratio Calculator
Simplify an integer ratio and optionally scale it from a new first value.
Round to Nearest Multiple Calculator
Round a number to the nearest, lower, or upper multiple of another number.
Rounding Calculator
Round numbers to specific decimal places using various methods.
Scientific Calculator
Perform complex mathematical operations including trigonometry, logarithms, and exponents.
Scientific Notation Calculator
Convert numbers between standard decimal and scientific notation.
Significant Figures Calculator
Perform arithmetic and round the result using significant-figure rules.
Count Significant Digits in a Written Number
Count meaningful digits while preserving the written zeros and decimal notation.
Round a Value to a Chosen Precision
Round a numerical value to the number of significant figures you specify.
Final Grade Calculator
Determine the score you need on your final exam to achieve your target overall grade.
GPA Calculator
Calculate your weighted Grade Point Average based on course credits and grades.
Weighted Grade Calculator
Calculate a course grade from matching lists of assessment scores and weights.
geometry
Annulus Calculator
Calculate the area and boundary lengths of a ring between two concentric circles.
Area Calculator
Calculate area for rectangles, triangles, trapezoids, circles, sectors, ellipses, and parallelograms.
Circle Calculator
Provide a radius, diameter, circumference, or area to calculate every main circle measurement.
Distance Calculator
Calculate distance in 2D, 3D, or between two latitude/longitude coordinates on Earth.
Pyramid Frustum Calculator
Calculate volume and surface area for a square-pyramid frustum.
Regular Polygon Calculator
Calculate perimeter, area, apothem, circumradius, and angles from side count and side length.
Rhombus Calculator
Calculate rhombus area and perimeter from diagonals or from side and height.
Right Triangle Calculator
Solve a right triangle from two known values and calculate all sides, acute angles, altitude, area, and perimeter.
Stadium Calculator
Calculate area and perimeter of a stadium shape: a rectangle capped by two semicircles.
Surface Area Calculator
Calculate total and component surface areas for nine common three-dimensional shapes.
Triangle Calculator
Solve a general triangle from three known values, including at least one side, and calculate sides, angles, area, radii, and medians.
Triangular Prism Calculator
Calculate volume and surface area of a triangular prism from triangle sides, triangle height, and prism length.
Volume Calculator
Calculate volume and related surface measurements for eleven common three-dimensional shapes.
statistics
Average Calculator
Calculate count, sum, arithmetic mean, minimum, and maximum.
Circular Permutation Calculator
Count arrangements of distinct objects around a circle when rotations are considered identical.
Confidence Interval Calculator
Calculate a two-sided normal confidence interval and margin of error for a population mean.
Even Permutations Calculator
Count the even permutations of a set of distinct elements.
Five Number Summary Calculator
Calculate the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, maximum, and interquartile range.
Mean, Median, Mode, Range Calculator
Calculate mean, median, mode, range, minimum, maximum, sum, and a sorted data table.
Odd Permutations Calculator
Count the odd permutations of a set of distinct elements.
Odds Calculator
Convert probability to odds for and against, or convert entered odds to probability.
P-value Calculator
Calculate P-values from Z-scores (Normal Distribution).
Percentile Calculator
Calculate a requested percentile using linear interpolation and display a percentile table.
Permutation and Combination Calculator
Calculate exact permutations and combinations with or without replacement.
Permutation Calculator
Calculate Permutations (nPr) and Combinations (nCr).
Probability Calculator
Calculate independent-event relationships, repeated-event probabilities, normal-distribution areas, or binomial probabilities.
Quartile Calculator
Calculate quartiles, the interquartile range, fences, and five-number summary.
Sample Size Calculator
Calculate a required survey sample size or the margin of error for a proportion, including finite-population correction.
Standard Deviation Calculator
Calculate population or sample standard deviation, variance, mean, sum, standard error, and margin of error.
Statistics Calculator
Calculate comprehensive descriptive statistics for a numeric data set.
Z-score Calculator
Calculate a z-score, convert between z and normal probability, or find probability between two z-scores.
number theory
Common Factor Calculator
Find all common factors of multiple numbers.
Factor Calculator
Find all factors and factor pairs of a number.
Factorial Calculator
Calculate the factorial of a non-negative integer (n!).
Greatest Common Factor Calculator
Calculate the Greatest Common Factor (GCF/GCD) of two or more numbers.
Multifactorial Calculator n! to n!!!!!
Calculate n-factorials with step sizes from one through five using exact integer arithmetic.
Number Sequence Calculator
Find terms, partial sums, and a preview for arithmetic, geometric, or Fibonacci sequences.
Prime Factorization Calculator
Break a positive integer into prime factors and identify prime numbers.
algebra
Completing the Square Calculator
Rewrite a quadratic in vertex form and calculate its vertex and roots.
Cubic Equation Calculator - 3rd Order Polynomial
Solve a cubic polynomial ax³ + bx² + cx + d = 0 for all real or complex roots.
Diamond Problem Solver
Find two numbers whose product and sum match a diamond problem.
Difference of Two Squares Calculator
Evaluate and factor a² − b².
Dot Product Calculator
Calculate the dot product, vector magnitudes, and angle between two numeric vectors.
Exponent Calculator
Calculate the value of a base raised to the power of an exponent.
FOIL Method Calculator
Expand two linear binomials using the FOIL method.
Inverse Trigonometric Functions Calculator
Calculate arcsine, arccosine, or arctangent in degrees and radians.
Logarithm Calculator
Calculate the logarithm of a number with any base.
Math Equation Solver
Solve a linear equation ax + b = c or a quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0.
Matrix Calculator
Perform addition, subtraction, and multiplication on 2x2 and 3x3 matrices.
Quadratic Formula Calculator
Find real or complex roots, discriminant, vertex, and axis of symmetry.
Root Calculator
Calculate the nth root of a number.
Simplify Radical Expressions Calculator
Extract perfect powers from a nonnegative integer radical.
Slope Calculator
Calculate line slope from two points, or project a second point from a starting point, distance, and slope or angle.
fractions
Complex Fraction Calculator
Divide one fraction by another and reduce the result to lowest terms.
Decimal to Fraction Calculator
Convert a terminating or repeating decimal approximation to a reduced fraction.
Decimal to Percent Calculator
Convert a decimal number to a percentage.
Estimating Sums and Differences of Fractions Calculator
Estimate a fraction sum or difference using benchmark fractions, and compare it with the exact result.
Fraction Calculator
Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with fractions.
Fractions Averaging Calculator
Find the exact arithmetic mean of a list of integers, fractions, or mixed numbers.
Fractions Solve for Unknown Calculator
Solve an unknown term in an equivalent-fractions proportion a/b = c/d.
Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers Calculator
Convert an improper fraction to a reduced mixed number.
Mixed Number to Decimal Calculator
Convert a mixed number to a decimal and improper fraction.
Mixed Number to Percent Calculator
Convert a mixed number to a decimal percentage.
Mixed Numbers Calculator
Add, subtract, multiply, or divide two mixed numbers with an exact reduced result.
Mixed Numbers to Improper Fractions Calculator
Convert a mixed number to a reduced improper fraction.
Ordering Fractions Calculator
Sort a list of integers, fractions, decimals, or mixed numbers from least to greatest or greatest to least.
Simplifying Complex Fractions Calculator
Simplify a complex fraction whose numerator and denominator each contain a sum or difference of two fractions.
Frequently asked questions
How do I choose a tool from Math?
Start with the quantity you need to solve for, then compare the required inputs and assumptions before entering values.
Are results in Math guaranteed?
No. Read the formula, limitations and reference information on the individual calculator. Entered example rates are not current offers or professional advice.
Can I save a calculation from Math?
The calculator pages support browser-local project and share controls. Shared links and exported files may contain your inputs.