United States version
What this tool answers
Use this page when payments are unequal or occur across several periods. Each comma-separated amount has its own period index, starting at zero. A single-lump-sum present-value tool cannot represent that timing detail by itself.
Formula
PV = Σ CF_t / (1 + i)^t, with the first entry at t = 0.
Worked example: Uneven receipts after an initial outlay
For −$5,000 now, followed by $1,800, $2,200 and $2,600 in periods 1–3, discounted at 8% per period, the series has a net present value of $616.78. The initial negative amount is included at time zero.
Load these worked-example inputs
Limitations
Use one consistent period length and a matching discount rate. Dates between periods, changing rates and tax treatment are not modelled. The rate is an entered assumption, not an investment recommendation.
Frequently asked questions
Where does the first cash-flow entry occur?
The first entry is at time zero and therefore is not discounted.
Can unequal receipts be represented in this present-value series?
Yes. Each entry is discounted separately using its own position in the sequence.
Why is an initial outlay negative in this example?
A negative entry represents money paid out, while positive entries represent money received.